Toxicity of Raphia vinifera, P. beauv fruit extracts on biochemical composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Trewavas)

Biochemical compositions (total protein = TP, total lipid = TL, globulin = Gl, albumin = Al and albumin/globulin = A/G ratio) of Oreochromis niloticus liver, kidney and brain exposed to 0.5 ppm aqueous extracts of Raphia vinifera (AERV) were investigated. The various biochemical compositions fluctuated with time of exposure to AERV. TP ranged between 0.91-4.64 mg/dl, Al between 0.41 – 3.02 mg/dl, Gl between 0.70-3.40 mg/dl, A/G between 0.20-3.50 mg/dl and TL between 571.3-998.2 mg/dl. Significant (P<0.05) decrease in TP, Gl and TL values of the liver over either the brain or the kidney at 21-day duration in AERV, indicated high energy requirement for detoxification function of the liver. With these biochemical compositions in O. niloticus, it is inferred that their uses in the fish varied according to production in the tissue and relative effect of AERV, which produced fish’s physiological dysfunction.